Biochemistry Primer for Exercise Science-5th Edition

Students trained in traditional exercise physiology have learned the basic concepts of energy but often don’t fully understand human energy consumption at the molecular level. Biochemistry Primer for Exercise Science, Fifth Edition, offers students a fundamental understanding of how biochemical processes underpin physical activity, performance, and overall health.

Reflecting the rapid development of the field, this foundational text continues to present the essentials of biochemistry—molecular biology, basic chemistry, metabolism, and transcription regulation—in an easy-to-understand format. With new and updated illustrations, the fifth edition features the most recent research in exercise biochemistry and contains new and expanded content on the following topics:

The structure, expression, interactions, and adaptations of proteins in the body (proteomics)

• Muscle contraction and fatigue
• The regulation of gene expression in health and disease
• Control of biochemical and muscular adaptations to exercise and training through signaling pathways
• The basics of signaling mechanisms associated with different types of exercise and adaptations to different forms of exercise training
• New and developing research areas highlighted through Next Stage sidebars

Biochemistry Primer for Exercise Science, Fifth Edition, combines information from nutrition, physiology, and biochemistry to provide a clear explanation of metabolism and the human body’s response to physical activity. Special elements throughout the text help to demystify this complex and dynamic field of study. Key points, sidebars, and chapter summaries help reinforce essential concepts. A comprehensive glossary and abbreviation and reference lists help students gain confidence in their understanding of exercise biochemistry.

With its combination of essential topics, new findings, and future directions in research, Biochemistry Primer for Exercise Science, Fifth Edition, provides a foundational understanding on the working of cellular and integrative whole-body metabolism and the human body’s response to physical activity.

Audience

A text for undergraduate exercise biochemistry courses as well as a supplemental text for exercise physiology, exercise biochemistry, and sport nutrition courses; a reference for professionals in those fields.

Tribute to Michael E. Houston

Part I. Proteins and Enzymes: The Basis of Biochemistry

Chapter 1. Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins
Nature of Amino Acids
Characteristics of Peptides
Structure of Proteins
Proteomics
Chapter Wrap-Up

Chapter 2. Enzymes
Enzymes as Catalysts
Rates of Enzymatic Reactions
Enzyme Cofactors
Classification of Enzymes
Oxidations and Reductions
Protein Transporters
Regulation of Enzyme Activity
Measurement of Enzyme Activity
Chapter Wrap-Up

Chapter 3. Gene Transcription and Protein Synthesis
DNA and RNA
Transcription
Posttranscriptional Modifications of RNA
Translation
Posttranslational Processing of Polypeptides
Protein Degradation
Regulation of Gene Expression in Exercise and Training
Chapter Wrap-Up

Part II. Metabolism: Regulation and Adaptation to Exercise and Training

Chapter 4. Energy Systems and Bioenergetics
Energy Requirements of Skeletal Muscle
Energy-Rich Phosphates
Energy Systems
Bioenergetics
Chapter Wrap-Up

Chapter 5. Oxidative Phosphorylation
Overview of Metabolism
Mitochondria
Citric Acid Cycle
Electron Transport Chain
Coupled Phosphorylation
Regulation of Oxidative Phosphorylation
Quantification of Redox Reactions
Oxidants and Antioxidants
Chapter Wrap-Up

Chapter 6. Carbohydrate and Related Metabolism
Carbohydrates
Cellular Uptake of Glucose
Phosphorylation of Glucose
Glycolysis
Glycogen Metabolism
Lactate Metabolism
Oxidation of Cytoplasmic NADH
Gluconeogenesis
Pentose Phosphate Pathway
Signaling Pathways
Carbohydrate, Exercise Performance, and Fatigue
Chapter Wrap-Up

Chapter 7. Lipid Metabolism
Types of Lipids
Fat Storage and Metabolism
Oxidation of Fatty Acids
Oxidation of Ketone Bodies
Synthesis of Fatty Acids
Fat as Fuel for Exercise
Metabolism During Exercise: Fat Versus Carbohydrate
Adipose Tissue as an Endocrine Tissue
Cholesterol
Chapter Wrap-Up

Chapter 8. Amino Acid and Protein Metabolism
Overview of Amino Acid Metabolism
Degradation of Amino Acids
Urea Cycle
Fate of Amino Acid Carbon Skeletons
Amino Acid Metabolism During Exercise
Additional Roles for Amino Acids
Dietary Protein, Amino Acids, and Muscle Mass
Chapter Wrap-Up

Appendix. Answers to Review Questions

A. Russell Tupling, PhD, is a professor and chair of the department of kinesiology and health sciences at the University of Waterloo in Ontario, Canada. His research program, which is funded by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, is dedicated to the understanding of the regulation of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) function in muscle and understanding how defects in the function of SR proteins that occur with oxidative stress contribute to fatigue, weakness, and disease.

Tupling has published over 110 peer-reviewed publications in scholarly journals and over 185 conference abstracts based on his research. In 2010, he received the Award of Excellence in Graduate Supervision from the University of Waterloo. Tupling is a member of the American Physiological Society and the Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology (CSEP). He was invited to give the inaugural Mike Houston Tutorial Lecture in Skeletal Muscle at the CSEP conference in 2009.

Peter Tiidus, PhD, is the dean of the faculty of applied health science at Brock University in Ontario, Canada. He has authored more than 95 refereed publications and presented his research in numerous lectures and conference presentations. His research focuses on the effects of hormones such as estrogen on muscle damage, inflammation, and repair as well as the influence of treatment interventions on muscle recovery from damage and physiological responses. In recognition of his years of contribution to exercise physiology, Tiidus was made a fellow of the Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology (CSEP) in 2023. He is also a member of the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) and European College of Sports Science (ECSS).

Rene Vandenboom, PhD, is a professor in the department of kinesiology at Brock University in Ontario, Canada. His research has focused on excitation-contraction coupling and the mechanics of skeletal muscle contraction. Vandenboom has published more than 50 peer-reviewed articles in scholarly journals, many on the topic of myosin phosphorylation and force potentiation in skeletal muscle. An avid weight lifter, runner, and ball hockey player, he extolls the value of exercise across the lifespan.

Michael E. Houston, PhD (1941-2008) received his undergraduate training in biochemistry from the University of Toronto and his PhD in biochemistry from the University of Waterloo. A superb athlete and lifelong exercise fanatic, he was able to integrate his training in biochemistry with his love of exercise science and to forge a career as a teacher and scientist in the field of kinesiology. During his 40-year career, he authored more than 100 refereed publications and taught courses on the biochemistry of exercise to many undergraduate and graduate students. In 2003, he was presented with the Honour Award from the Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology in acknowledgment of his lifetime contribution to research and education in exercise science.

Houston was the author of the first three editions of Biochemistry Primer for Exercise Science. This fifth edition, which is built on his body of work, still incorporates a major portion of his third edition. Dr. Houston passed away in 2008.

All ancillaries are free to adopting instructors through HKPropel.

Image bank. Includes most of the figures, content photos, and tables from the text, sorted by chapter. These can be used in developing a customized presentation based on specific course requirements.