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Applied Anatomy and Biomechanics in Sport 2nd Edition PDF

Applied Anatomy and Biomechanics in Sport 2nd Edition PDF

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    Applied Anatomy and Biomechanics in Sport, Second Edition, concentrates on the various ways in which an athlete—whether the average participant or the elite competitor—can modify technique to achieve optimal performance. Its emphasis on athletic assessment and physical capacity modification provides a unique perspective that will help coaches and other sport professionals appraise the body structure of their athletes so that strengths can be fully utilized and weaknesses improved. The text also considers growth, development, and gender, and it makes readers aware of mechanical overstresses that can impair performance and cause injuries.

    The second edition has undergone a complete revision and is designed with practical application in mind. It includes chapter contributions by respected sport scientists presenting recent research and cutting-edge information on topics such as

    • the development of improved training methods to increase explosive power,

    • the use of elastic energy in the development of power and speed,

    • the modification of strength and body composition to improve performance, and

    • the application of proportionality and posture to sport performance.

    Applied Anatomy and Biomechanics in Sport relies on current research findings and proven methods in developing physical athletic performance to help readers learn to recognize and use appropriate methods to develop optimal physical qualities for skilled performance. The text categorizes 30 international sports into nine distinct groups organized by common features: racket sports; aquatic sports; gymnastics and power sports; track, field, and cycling; mobile field sports; set field sports; court sports; contact field sports; and martial arts. Within each group, techniques that improve performance are analyzed with specific examples given from a variety of international coaches.

    The applied nature of the content is enhanced through a building-block approach that facilitates the understanding of the elements of human performance and how the interaction of those elements can be fine-tuned. The text employs a four-part structure:

    Fundamental Concepts relate to assessment and modification of an athlete’s body structure, physical capacity, and technique, as well as talent identification and profiling.

    Applied Anatomy provides both a theoretical framework for valid and reliable assessment and evidence-based modification of an athlete’s body structure and physical capacity.

    Applied Biomechanics explains how the analysis of sport technique may be used to improve athletic performance.

    A Practical Example uses in-depth analysis to provide a specific case for assessment of physical capacity and biomechanics of an athlete, the intervention program and technique modification employed, and the resultant influence on the athlete’s performance.

    Applied Anatomy and Biomechanics in Sport covers the latest assessment techniques used by exercise and sport science specialists to evaluate human physiques, physical capacities, and sport techniques. Using this text, readers can integrate and apply the elements of body structure, body composition, assessment, physiology, and biomechanics to assess current capabilities and enhance the performance of athletes.

    Part I. Fundamental Concepts

    Chapter 1. The Assessment and Modification Model

    Timothy R. Ackland, PhD, John Bloomfield, PhD, and Bruce C. Elliott, PhD

    The Assessment and Modification Model

    Sports Science Theoretical Base

    Observation and Assessment

    Comparison and Profiling

    Intervention Priority

    Modification

    Pedagogical Considerations

    Re-assessment

    Conclusion

    Chapter 2. Talent Identification and Profiling

    Jason P. Gulbin, PhD, and Timothy R. Ackland, PhD

    Talent Identification

    Profiling

    Conclusion

    Part II. Applied Anatomy: Assessment and Modification of Physical Capacities

    Chapter 3. Absolute Body Size

    Timothy S. Olds, PhD, and Grant R. Tomkinson, PhD

    The Principle of Morphological Optimization

    Normative Data on Absolute Body Size in Sportspeople

    The Physics of Absolute Body Size

    Secular Trends in Absolute Body Size

    Consequences of the Search for Size

    Kinanthropometric Assessment

    Chapter 4. Somatotype in Sport

    J. E. Lindsay Carter, PhD, and Timothy R. Ackland, PhD

    Introduction

    Development of Somatotype Rating Methods

    The Heath-Carter Anthropometric Method

    Somatotype and Sport Performance

    Desirable Body Types for High Level Performance

    Exceptions to the Standard Body Shape and Size

    Sport Selection and Somatotype

    Somatotype Modification

    Changes in Body Type During Growth

    Conclusion

    Chapter 5. Body Composition in Sport

    Deborah A. Kerr, PhD, and Arthur D. Stewart, PhD

    Introduction

    Factors Affecting Body Composition

    Body Composition Assessment

    Body Composition and Sports Performance

    Nutritional Changes to Modify Body Composition

    Conclusions

    Chapter 6. Proportionality

    Timothy R. Ackland, PhD, and J. Hans De Ridder, PhD

    Significance of Proportionality Modification in Sport

    Effect of Growth on Proportionality

    Proportionality Assessment

    Proportionality Applied to Sport Performance

    Proportionality Characteristics of Athletes

    Racial Characteristics

    Body Modification

    Technique Modification

    Conclusion

    Chapter 7. Posture

    Peter Hamer, PhD, and John Bloomfield, PhD

    Evolution and the Development of Posture

    Changes in Posture During Growth

    Maintenance of Posture

    Advantages of Good Posture

    Postural Diversity within Individuals

    Posture and its Relationship to Somatotype

    Postural Defects

    Static and Dynamic Posture

    Posture Assessment

    Desirable Postures for High Level Sport Performance

    Modifying Posture and Technique to Improve Performance

    Conclusion

    Chapter 8. Strength

    Michael McGuigan, PhD, and Nicholas Ratamess, PhD

    Relationship Between Strength, Power and Strength-Endurance

    Value of Strength in Sport

    Muscle Structure and Function

    Muscle Mechanics and Neuromuscular Considerations

    Factors Affecting the Development of Muscular Function

    Strength Assessment

    General Training Principles

    Strength Training Program Design

    Strength Training Methods and Techniques

    Strength-Endurance Training Methods

    Strength Training, Injuries and Injury Prevention

    Summary

    Chapter 9. Power

    Robert U. Newton, PhD, and William J. Kraemer, PhD

    Introduction

    Maximal Power Production Defined

    Why is Maximal Power Important?

    Factors Contributing to Maximal Power Output

    Performance Qualities Contributing to Power

    Assessment of Muscular Power

    Training Methods for the Development of Power

    Summary

    Chapter 10. Speed

    John Cronin, PhD, and Anthony J. Blazevich, PhD

    Introduction

    Neural Considerations

    Morphological Considerations

    Endocrine Considerations

    Biochemical Considerations

    Biomechanical and Anthropometric Considerations

    Assessing Speed

    Developing Speed

    Conclusion

    Chapter 11. Flexibility

    Patria Hume, PhD, and Duncan Reid MHSc (Hons)

    Definitions of Stretching and the Resulting Flexibility-Extensibility

    Anatomy and Physiology Components Targeted for Stretching

    Types of Stretching Procedure and Technique

    Mechanisms of Stretching

    Does Stretching Help Improve Sport Performance or Reduce Risk of Injury?

    Other Factors Can Affect the Effectiveness of Stretching and the Resulting Flexibility

    How do you Measure Improvement in Flexibility?

    Conclusions

    Chapter 12. Balance and Agility

    David Lloyd, PhD, Timothy R. Ackland, PhD, and Jodie Cochrane, PhD

    Factors Affecting Balance

    Assessing Balance

    Improving Balance for Sport

    Protection from Joint Injury

    Factors Affecting Agility

    Assessing Agility

    Improving Agility for Sport

    Conclusion

    Chapter 13. Modifying Physical Capacities

    Timothy R. Ackland, PhD, Deborah A. Kerr, PhD, and Robert U. Newton, PhD

    Resistance Training Guidelines

    Resistance Training Exercises

    Stretching Exercises

    Training Programs for Specific Sports

    Conclusion

    Part III. Biomechanics: Assessment and Modification of Sport Techniques

    Chapter 14. Analysis of Sports Performance

    Bruce Elliott, PhD, and Duane Knudson, PhD

    Models of Technique Analysis

    Qualitative or Subjective Analysis

    Quantitative Analysis

    Conclusion

    Chapter 15. Image Analysis in Sports Performance

    Jacqueline A. Alderson, PhD, and Bruce C. Elliott, PhD

    Background

    Errors in Motion Analysis

    Planar Video Analysis

    3D Motion Analysis

    Data Filtering

    Conclusions

    Chapter 16. The Application of Biomechanics in the Improvement of Sport Performance

    Bruce C. Elliott, PhD, and Damian Farrow, PhD

    Instructional Approaches in Technique Modification

    Preparation of Athletes Involved in High-Speed Activities

    Biomechanical Considerations in Reducing Sporting Injury Rates

    Conclusion

    Chapter 17. Mechanics in Sport: Specific Applications

    Bruce C. Elliott, PhD, Timothy R. Ackland, PhD, and Jacqueline A. Alderson, PhD

    Balance

    Newton’s Laws of Motion

    Linking of Linear and Angular Motion

    Projectile Motion

    Momentum

    Moments of Force and Torque

    Energy

    Coefficient of Restitution

    Coordination and Summation of Body Segments

    Friction

    Centripetal Force

    Fluid Dynamics

    Part IV. Practical Example

    Chapter 18. A Practical Example: Pole Vault

    Timothy R. Ackland, PhD, Andrew Lyttle, PhD, and Bruce C. Elliott, PhD

    Assessment of Physical Capacity and Intervention Program

    Biomechanical Assessment and Technique Modification

    Influence on Performance

    Timothy R. Ackland, PhD, is a professor of functional anatomy and biomechanics in the School of Exercise, Sport Science, and Health at the University of Western Australia. His research interests include the mechanics of human movement with themes spanning exercise rehabilitation, high-performance sport, and human performance in industry. Dr. Ackland has published more than 70 peer-reviewed papers as well as three academic books and 20 book chapters. Currently, Dr. Ackland is a director of Sports Medicine Australia and is on the review boards of four international journals. He recently served as the scientific chair for the fifth IOC World Congress on Sport Sciences for the 2000 Sydney Olympics and as the 2001 conference cochair for Sports Medicine Australia in Perth. Since 1991, he has been the principal of Ackland Marshall and Associates, Ergonomics Consultants.

    Bruce C. Elliott, PhD, FACHPER, FASMF, FISBS, FAAKPE, is the senior biomechanist and head of the School of Human Movement and Exercise Science at the University of Western Australia. He has a keen interest in performance optimization and injury reduction in sport and has published more than 170 refereed articles, 50 refereed conference proceedings, and 40 books or book chapters in this general area. He is an editorial board member of Sports Biomechanics, Journal of Applied Biomechanics, Journal of Sports Sciences, and the International Journal of Sport and Health Sciences.

    Elliott is a sought-after international speaker on the application of biomechanics to sport. He was the keynote speaker at the first World Congress on Racket Sports, the first World Congress of Cricket, and the third World Congress of Medicine and Science in Tennis. A fellow of the International Society of Biomechanics in Sports, Sports Medicine Australia, and the American Academy of Kinesiology and Physical Education, he was also the inaugural chair of the Western Australian Institute of Sport and inaugural vice-president of the Australian Association of Exercise and Sport Science. In addition, Elliot served as the scientific chair for the fifth IOC World Congress on Sport Sciences and was the organizer of the research projects at the Sydney 2000 Olympics. He was the president-elect of the International Society of Biomechanics in Sports and sits on the coaching advisory panel of Tennis Australia and the research board of Cricket Australia.

    John Bloomfield, PhD, is an emeritus professor at the University of Western Australia and a former director of the Hollywood Functional Rehabilitation Clinic at Hollywood Private Hospital in Perth. He left Australia in 1960 on a Fulbright scholarship to pursue postgraduate study at the University of Oregon in the United States. After receiving his PhD in 1968, he returned to Australia to take a position at the University of Western Australia.

    Throughout his notable career, Bloomfield has served as president of Sports Medicine Australia, chairman of the Australian Sports Science Council, chairman of the Australian Institute of Sport, and cochairman of the Australian Sports Commission. He has authored more than 100 scientific papers and five books in sport and sport science as well as three major government reports on the development of sport in Australia. He was a National Surf Lifesaving champion and elite-level swimming coach in Australia and the United States. Bloomfield’s research interests and experiences have led him to be a highly regarded lecturer and consultant in 22 countries.

    In 1979, Bloomfield was awarded Citizen of the Year in Western Australia and, in 1982, he received Member of the Order of Australia.

    All ancillaries are free to adopting instructors and available online.

    Test package. Created with Respondus 2.0 and features more than 300 questions in multiple-choice format. Instructions for downloading a free version of Respondus are included.

    Image bank. Features hundreds of full-color PowerPoint slides that contain most of the figures, content photos, and tables from the text, sorted by chapter. The images can be used to develop a customized presentation based on specific course requirements. A blank PowerPoint template is also provided, along with easy-to-follow instructions for quickly creating a presentation.